The Indian Judiciary System is a powerful institution that upholds the Constitution and protects the rights of individuals. It also serves as an important watchdog of democracy. Its jurisdiction covers matters relating to the law and the government, such as criminal and civil cases, and disputes between states. However, there are a number of challenges that hinder the effective functioning of the system.
One of the major challenges that the Indian judiciary faces is the inability to administer justice in a timely manner. This is due to several factors, including inadequate number of judges and incompetent judges. Moreover, red tape and a lack of technological infrastructure are also a common cause of delay. These factors can be resolved by taking some effective measures.
There are several subordinate courts in India, which handle various legal issues. These courts are divided into two main branches, namely, the District Court and the High Court. The district court is responsible for the adjudication of criminal and civil cases in the district. Besides, the District Court also reviews appeals from subordinate courts.
Another type of court is the Supreme Court. Under the Constitution, the Supreme Court is the apex court of the country. It is responsible for resolving conflicts between the state and the central government. It is also the apex court for judicial review of executive orders and laws that violate the Constitution.
In ancient India, there were special courts of criminal jurisdiction called Kantakasodhana Courts. They intervened in cases of traders, workers, and officials when they were not following the law. The court dealt with disturbances to peace and took cognizance of offences against the states.
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The Supreme Court of India is the apex court of the nation. It is tasked with resolving conflicts of jurisdiction between the state and the central government. It also dispenses impartial justice between citizens of different castes and communities.
The Indian judiciary is one of the oldest in the world. Its history dates back to the days of the Mughal dynasty. As Muslim conquerors swept through the country, a new social and judicial system emerged. With the passage of time, the judiciary of the Mughal dynasty was replaced by the British judicial system. Though the British system was developed to a greater degree than the Mughal judicial system, there are some aspects of the former that are preserved.
Several committees have been constituted to find ways of rectifying the ineffectiveness of the Indian Judiciary. Among them are the Justice Rankin Committee, the S.R. Das Committee, and the Justice Rankin Committee. Their studies and recommendations have not been fully implemented.
While it is true that the Indian judiciary has exhibited activism and demonstrated positive approaches in the past, there are some structural problems that are still hampering the efficient functioning of the justice system. Some of these problems include insufficient number of courts, incompetent judges, and red tape.
To address these problems, the Indian government should increase the number of tribunals and the number of judges, as well as e-filing of cases. By using technology, the administration of justice can be simplified and expedited.